Podcasts: Position in der Warteschlange einstellbar; Feeds nur noch auf dem Server holen (SW v51)

Warteschlange
- PodcastSettings: wohin neue Folgen kommen, getrennt für Hinzufügen von
  Hand (auch beim Abspielen einer Folge außerhalb der Warteschlange) und
  für automatisch eingereihte neue Folgen: ans Ende, an den Anfang oder
  nach die laufende Folge. Voreinstellung wie bisher (Hand: Ende,
  automatisch: Anfang). GET/POST /podcasts/settings/.
- queue/add nimmt auch mehrere Folgen (episode_ids), eine Position
  (where) und die laufende Folge (current_episode_id); ohne Angabe gilt
  die zuletzt angehörte, nicht fertige Folge als laufende.
- Positionen werden lückenlos neu durchnummeriert.

Feeds
- POST /podcasts/feeds/refresh-all/ aktualisiert alle Feeds des Nutzers
  auf dem Server: Downloads parallel, jede Feed-Adresse nur einmal (auch
  über Nutzer hinweg), mit Timeout; kürzlich aktualisierte werden
  übersprungen. Der stündliche Cron-Job nutzt dasselbe.
- GET /podcasts/state/ liefert Abos, Warteschlange, Inbox und
  Einstellungen in einer Antwort (für die Apps).
- Web: „↻ All“ ist eine Anfrage statt einer pro Feed; die stündliche
  Schleife im Browser lädt nur noch die Listen neu, statt jeden Feed
  selbst anzustoßen.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

podcasts/management/commands/refresh_feeds.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import sys
 from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand
 
 from podcasts.models import PodcastFeed
-from podcasts.views import _refresh_feed
+from podcasts.views import _refresh_feeds
 
 
 class Command(BaseCommand):
@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@ class Command(BaseCommand):
             self.stdout.write('No feeds to refresh.')
             return
 
-        for feed in qs:
-            try:
-                new_ep = _refresh_feed(feed)
-                self.stdout.write(f'{feed.title}: +{new_ep} episodes')
-            except Exception as e:
-                self.stderr.write(f'ERROR refreshing "{feed.title}" ({feed.rss_url}): {e}')
+        # Parallel downloads, one per distinct feed URL (see _refresh_feeds).
+        refreshed, failed, new = _refresh_feeds(qs)
+        self.stdout.write(f'{refreshed} feeds refreshed, {failed} failed, +{new} episodes')

podcasts/migrations/0004_podcastsettings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.db import migrations, models
+import django.db.models.deletion
+
+
+class Migration(migrations.Migration):
+    dependencies = [
+        ('podcasts', '0003_episodeprogress_dismissed'),
+        migrations.swappable_dependency(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL),
+    ]
+    operations = [
+        migrations.CreateModel(
+            name='PodcastSettings',
+            fields=[
+                ('id', models.BigAutoField(auto_created=True, primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='ID')),
+                ('enqueue_position', models.CharField(
+                    choices=[('back', 'Ans Ende'), ('front', 'An den Anfang'), ('after_current', 'Nach der laufenden Folge')],
+                    default='back', max_length=20)),
+                ('auto_queue_position', models.CharField(
+                    choices=[('back', 'Ans Ende'), ('front', 'An den Anfang'), ('after_current', 'Nach der laufenden Folge')],
+                    default='front', max_length=20)),
+                ('user', models.OneToOneField(
+                    on_delete=django.db.models.deletion.CASCADE, related_name='podcast_settings',
+                    to=settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)),
+            ],
+        ),
+    ]

podcasts/models.py

@@ -71,3 +71,29 @@ class PodcastQueue(models.Model):
 
     def __str__(self):
         return f'{self.user} queue pos {self.position}: {self.episode}'
+
+class PodcastSettings(models.Model):
+    """A user's podcast preferences. Where episodes go in the queue: when added
+    by hand (also when played from outside the queue), and when a feed with
+    auto_queue brings new ones."""
+    BACK = 'back'
+    FRONT = 'front'
+    AFTER_CURRENT = 'after_current'
+    POSITIONS = [
+        (BACK, 'Ans Ende'),
+        (FRONT, 'An den Anfang'),
+        (AFTER_CURRENT, 'Nach der laufenden Folge'),
+    ]
+
+    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='podcast_settings')
+    enqueue_position = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=POSITIONS, default=BACK)
+    # front = how auto-queue always worked before this setting existed
+    auto_queue_position = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=POSITIONS, default=FRONT)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def for_user(cls, user):
+        obj, _ = cls.objects.get_or_create(user=user)
+        return obj
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f'Podcast settings of {self.user}'

podcasts/tests.py

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+import json
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import feedparser
+from django.contrib.auth.models import User
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+from .models import EpisodeProgress, PodcastEpisode, PodcastFeed, PodcastQueue, PodcastSettings
+from .views import _refresh_feed
+
+_parse = feedparser.parse
+
+
+def _rss(items):
+    entries = ''.join(
+        f'<item><guid>{guid}</guid><title>{guid}</title><pubDate>{date}</pubDate>'
+        f'<enclosure url="https://example.org/{guid}.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" length="1"/></item>'
+        for guid, date in items
+    )
+    return f'<?xml version="1.0"?><rss version="2.0"><channel><title>Feed</title>{entries}</channel></rss>'
+
+
+class QueuePositionTests(TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.user = User.objects.create_user(username='alice', password='pw12345678')
+        self.client.force_login(self.user)
+        self.feed = PodcastFeed.objects.create(user=self.user, rss_url='https://example.org/feed', title='Feed')
+        base = datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+        self.eps = [
+            PodcastEpisode.objects.create(
+                feed=self.feed, guid=f'e{i}', title=f'E{i}',
+                audio_url=f'https://example.org/e{i}.mp3', pub_date=base + timedelta(days=i),
+            )
+            for i in range(6)
+        ]
+
+    def queue(self):
+        return list(PodcastQueue.objects.filter(user=self.user).order_by('position').values_list('episode_id', flat=True))
+
+    def add(self, *episodes, **extra):
+        body = {'episode_ids': [e.id for e in episodes], **extra}
+        return self.client.post('/podcasts/queue/add/', json.dumps(body), content_type='application/json')
+
+    def test_default_adds_to_the_back(self):
+        self.add(self.eps[0])
+        self.add(self.eps[1])
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [self.eps[0].id, self.eps[1].id])
+
+    def test_front_from_setting(self):
+        self.add(self.eps[0], self.eps[1])
+        PodcastSettings.objects.update_or_create(user=self.user, defaults={'enqueue_position': 'front'})
+        self.add(self.eps[2])
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [self.eps[2].id, self.eps[0].id, self.eps[1].id])
+
+    def test_after_current_uses_client_hint(self):
+        self.add(self.eps[0], self.eps[1], self.eps[2])
+        self.add(self.eps[3], where='after_current', current_episode_id=self.eps[1].id)
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [e.id for e in (self.eps[0], self.eps[1], self.eps[3], self.eps[2])])
+
+    def test_after_current_falls_back_to_last_listened(self):
+        self.add(self.eps[0], self.eps[1], self.eps[2])
+        EpisodeProgress.objects.create(user=self.user, episode=self.eps[2], position_seconds=30)
+        self.add(self.eps[3], where='after_current')
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [e.id for e in (self.eps[0], self.eps[1], self.eps[2], self.eps[3])])
+
+    def test_after_current_without_current_goes_to_front(self):
+        self.add(self.eps[0])
+        self.add(self.eps[1], where='after_current')
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [self.eps[1].id, self.eps[0].id])
+
+    def test_already_queued_stays_where_it_is(self):
+        self.add(self.eps[0], self.eps[1])
+        r = self.add(self.eps[0], where='front')
+        self.assertFalse(r.json()['created'])
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [self.eps[0].id, self.eps[1].id])
+
+    def test_single_episode_id_still_works(self):
+        r = self.client.post('/podcasts/queue/add/', json.dumps({'episode_id': self.eps[4].id}),
+                             content_type='application/json')
+        self.assertTrue(r.json()['created'])
+        self.assertEqual(self.queue(), [self.eps[4].id])
+
+    def test_other_users_episode_is_not_found(self):
+        bob = User.objects.create_user(username='bob', password='pw12345678')
+        feed = PodcastFeed.objects.create(user=bob, rss_url='https://example.org/b', title='B')
+        ep = PodcastEpisode.objects.create(feed=feed, guid='x', title='X', audio_url='https://example.org/x.mp3')
+        r = self.add(ep)
+        self.assertEqual(r.status_code, 404)
+
+    def test_unknown_position_is_rejected(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self.add(self.eps[0], where='middle').status_code, 400)
+
+    def test_settings_roundtrip(self):
+        r = self.client.get('/podcasts/settings/')
+        self.assertEqual(r.json()['enqueue_position'], 'back')
+        self.assertEqual(r.json()['auto_queue_position'], 'front')
+        r = self.client.post('/podcasts/settings/', json.dumps({'auto_queue_position': 'after_current'}),
+                             content_type='application/json')
+        self.assertEqual(r.json()['auto_queue_position'], 'after_current')
+        self.assertEqual(PodcastSettings.objects.get(user=self.user).auto_queue_position, 'after_current')
+        bad = self.client.post('/podcasts/settings/', json.dumps({'enqueue_position': 'nowhere'}),
+                               content_type='application/json')
+        self.assertEqual(bad.status_code, 400)
+
+
+class AutoQueueTests(TestCase):
+    """New episodes of an auto_queue feed land where the user's setting says."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.user = User.objects.create_user(username='alice', password='pw12345678')
+        self.feed = PodcastFeed.objects.create(
+            user=self.user, rss_url='https://example.org/feed', title='Feed', auto_queue=True,
+        )
+        other = PodcastFeed.objects.create(user=self.user, rss_url='https://example.org/o', title='O')
+        self.old = [
+            PodcastEpisode.objects.create(feed=other, guid=f'o{i}', title=f'O{i}', audio_url=f'https://example.org/o{i}.mp3')
+            for i in range(3)
+        ]
+        for i, ep in enumerate(self.old):
+            PodcastQueue.objects.create(user=self.user, episode=ep, position=i)
+        self.rss = _rss([
+            ('new1', 'Mon, 05 Jan 2026 10:00:00 GMT'),
+            ('new2', 'Tue, 06 Jan 2026 10:00:00 GMT'),
+        ])
+
+    def refresh(self):
+        with patch('podcasts.views._fetch_feed', lambda url: _parse(self.rss)):
+            _refresh_feed(self.feed)
+        order = PodcastQueue.objects.filter(user=self.user).order_by('position')
+        return [q.episode.guid for q in order]
+
+    def test_front_is_the_default(self):
+        self.assertEqual(self.refresh(), ['new2', 'new1', 'o0', 'o1', 'o2'])
+
+    def test_back_appends_oldest_first(self):
+        PodcastSettings.objects.create(user=self.user, auto_queue_position='back')
+        self.assertEqual(self.refresh(), ['o0', 'o1', 'o2', 'new1', 'new2'])
+
+    def test_after_current(self):
+        PodcastSettings.objects.create(user=self.user, auto_queue_position='after_current')
+        EpisodeProgress.objects.create(user=self.user, episode=self.old[1], position_seconds=12)
+        self.assertEqual(self.refresh(), ['o0', 'o1', 'new2', 'new1', 'o2'])
+
+    def test_feed_without_auto_queue_queues_nothing(self):
+        self.feed.auto_queue = False
+        self.feed.save()
+        self.assertEqual(self.refresh(), ['o0', 'o1', 'o2'])
+
+
+class RefreshAllTests(TestCase):
+    """One request refreshes all feeds on the server; one request returns the state."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.user = User.objects.create_user(username='alice', password='pw12345678')
+        self.client.force_login(self.user)
+        self.a = PodcastFeed.objects.create(user=self.user, rss_url='https://example.org/a', title='A')
+        self.b = PodcastFeed.objects.create(user=self.user, rss_url='https://example.org/b', title='B')
+        bob = User.objects.create_user(username='bob', password='pw12345678')
+        self.bobs = PodcastFeed.objects.create(user=bob, rss_url='https://example.org/a', title='A')
+        self.fetched = []
+
+    def fake_fetch(self, url):
+        self.fetched.append(url)
+        if url.endswith('/b'):
+            raise ValueError('broken feed')
+        return _parse(_rss([(url[-1] + '1', 'Mon, 05 Jan 2026 10:00:00 GMT')]))
+
+    def test_refresh_all_reports_counts_and_skips_recent(self):
+        with patch('podcasts.views._fetch_feed', self.fake_fetch):
+            r = self.client.post('/podcasts/feeds/refresh-all/', '{}', content_type='application/json')
+        self.assertEqual(r.json(), {'ok': True, 'refreshed': 1, 'failed': 1, 'new_episodes': 1})
+        self.assertEqual(sorted(self.fetched), ['https://example.org/a', 'https://example.org/b'])
+        # A was just refreshed: a second call within max_age only retries B.
+        self.fetched.clear()
+        with patch('podcasts.views._fetch_feed', self.fake_fetch):
+            self.client.post('/podcasts/feeds/refresh-all/', '{}', content_type='application/json')
+        self.assertEqual(self.fetched, ['https://example.org/b'])
+
+    def test_a_shared_feed_url_is_fetched_once(self):
+        from .views import _refresh_feeds
+        with patch('podcasts.views._fetch_feed', self.fake_fetch):
+            refreshed, failed, new = _refresh_feeds([self.a, self.bobs])
+        self.assertEqual(self.fetched, ['https://example.org/a'])
+        self.assertEqual((refreshed, failed, new), (2, 0, 2))
+
+    def test_state_in_one_response(self):
+        ep = PodcastEpisode.objects.create(feed=self.a, guid='x', title='X', audio_url='https://example.org/x.mp3')
+        PodcastQueue.objects.create(user=self.user, episode=ep, position=0)
+        r = self.client.get('/podcasts/state/')
+        data = r.json()
+        self.assertEqual({f['title'] for f in data['feeds']}, {'A', 'B'})
+        self.assertEqual([q['episode__id'] for q in data['queue']], [ep.id])
+        self.assertEqual([e['id'] for e in data['inbox']], [ep.id])
+        self.assertTrue(data['inbox'][0]['in_queue'])
+        self.assertEqual(data['settings'], {'enqueue_position': 'back', 'auto_queue_position': 'front'})

podcasts/urls.py

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ urlpatterns = [
     path('feeds/add/', views.add_feed, name='podcast_add_feed'),
     path('feeds/import/', views.import_opml, name='podcast_import_opml'),
     path('feeds/refresh/', views.refresh_feed_now, name='podcast_refresh_feed'),
+    path('feeds/refresh-all/', views.refresh_all_feeds, name='podcast_refresh_all_feeds'),
+    path('state/', views.podcast_state, name='podcast_state'),
     path('feeds/<int:pk>/remove/', views.remove_feed, name='podcast_remove_feed'),
     path('feeds/<int:pk>/set-auto-queue/', views.set_auto_queue, name='podcast_set_auto_queue'),
     path('feeds/<int:pk>/episodes/', views.feed_episodes, name='podcast_feed_episodes'),
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ urlpatterns = [
     path('queue/add/', views.queue_add, name='podcast_queue_add'),
     path('queue/remove/', views.queue_remove, name='podcast_queue_remove'),
     path('queue/reorder/', views.queue_reorder, name='podcast_queue_reorder'),
+    path('settings/', views.podcast_settings, name='podcast_settings'),
     path('progress/save/', views.save_progress, name='podcast_save_progress'),
     path('progress/mark-played/', views.mark_played, name='podcast_mark_played'),
     path('progress/dismiss/', views.dismiss_episodes, name='podcast_dismiss_episodes'),

podcasts/views.py

@@ -1,17 +1,96 @@
 import json
+import logging
 import urllib.parse
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+from datetime import timedelta
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 
 import feedparser
 import requests
 from django.conf import settings
-from django.db.models import Count, F, Max, Q
+from django.db.models import Max, Q
 from django.http import JsonResponse
 from django.utils import timezone
 from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
 from django.views.decorators.http import require_http_methods
 
-from .models import EpisodeProgress, PodcastEpisode, PodcastFeed, PodcastQueue
+from .models import EpisodeProgress, PodcastEpisode, PodcastFeed, PodcastQueue, PodcastSettings
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+FEED_TIMEOUT = 20      # seconds per feed download
+FEED_WORKERS = 8       # feeds downloaded at the same time
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Queue positions
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+QUEUE_POSITIONS = {key for key, _ in PodcastSettings.POSITIONS}
+
+
+def _queue_order(user):
+    """Episode ids in the user's queue, first to last."""
+    return list(
+        PodcastQueue.objects.filter(user=user)
+        .order_by('position', 'added_at', 'id')
+        .values_list('episode_id', flat=True)
+    )
+
+
+def _write_queue_order(user, order):
+    """Renumber the queue 0..n-1 in the given order."""
+    rows = {q.episode_id: q for q in PodcastQueue.objects.filter(user=user)}
+    changed = []
+    for pos, ep_id in enumerate(order):
+        row = rows.get(ep_id)
+        if row is not None and row.position != pos:
+            row.position = pos
+            changed.append(row)
+    if changed:
+        PodcastQueue.objects.bulk_update(changed, ['position'])
+
+
+def _current_episode_id(user, queued, hint=None):
+    """The episode being listened to: the client's word for it, else the
+    queued episode most recently listened to and not finished."""
+    if hint in queued:
+        return hint
+    p = (
+        EpisodeProgress.objects
+        .filter(user=user, episode_id__in=queued, played=False, position_seconds__gt=0)
+        .order_by('-updated_at')
+        .values_list('episode_id', flat=True)
+        .first()
+    )
+    return p
+
+
+def _enqueue(user, episode_ids, where, current_hint=None):
+    """Put episodes that aren't queued yet into the queue at `where`
+    (back, front or after_current), keeping their given order.
+    Returns the ids that were added."""
+    queued = _queue_order(user)
+    present = set(queued)
+    new = []
+    for ep_id in episode_ids:
+        if ep_id not in present and ep_id not in new:
+            new.append(ep_id)
+    if not new:
+        return []
+    if where == PodcastSettings.FRONT:
+        at = 0
+    elif where == PodcastSettings.AFTER_CURRENT:
+        current = _current_episode_id(user, queued, current_hint)
+        at = queued.index(current) + 1 if current in queued else 0
+    else:
+        at = len(queued)
+    PodcastQueue.objects.bulk_create(
+        [PodcastQueue(user=user, episode_id=ep_id, position=len(queued) + i) for i, ep_id in enumerate(new)],
+        ignore_conflicts=True,
+    )
+    _write_queue_order(user, queued[:at] + new + queued[at:])
+    return new
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -40,9 +119,53 @@ def _parse_duration(raw):
 # Shared feed refresh helper
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-def _refresh_feed(feed_obj):
+def _fetch_feed(url):
+    """Download and parse a feed (with a timeout, unlike feedparser's own fetch)."""
+    r = requests.get(url, timeout=FEED_TIMEOUT, headers={'User-Agent': 'diora podcast refresh'})
+    r.raise_for_status()
+    return feedparser.parse(r.content, response_headers={'content-location': r.url, **r.headers})
+
+
+def _refresh_feeds(feeds, chunk=32):
+    """Refresh many feeds at once: the downloads run in parallel and each
+    feed URL is fetched once, even when several users subscribed to it; the
+    database writes then happen one by one. Returns (refreshed, failed, new)."""
+    feeds = list(feeds)
+    refreshed = failed = new = 0
+    for start in range(0, len(feeds), chunk):
+        part = feeds[start:start + chunk]
+        urls = sorted({f.rss_url for f in part})
+        results = {}
+
+        def fetch(url):
+            try:
+                return url, _fetch_feed(url), None
+            except Exception as e:  # network, HTTP or parser trouble: report and go on
+                return url, None, e
+
+        with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=min(FEED_WORKERS, len(urls) or 1)) as pool:
+            for url, parsed, err in pool.map(fetch, urls):
+                results[url] = (parsed, err)
+
+        for feed in part:
+            parsed, err = results[feed.rss_url]
+            if err is not None:
+                failed += 1
+                log.warning('refreshing %s failed: %s', feed.rss_url, err)
+                continue
+            try:
+                new += _refresh_feed(feed, parsed)
+                refreshed += 1
+            except Exception as e:
+                failed += 1
+                log.warning('updating %s failed: %s', feed.rss_url, e)
+    return refreshed, failed, new
+
+
+def _refresh_feed(feed_obj, parsed=None):
     """Parse rss_url and upsert episodes. Returns count of new episodes."""
-    parsed = feedparser.parse(feed_obj.rss_url)
+    if parsed is None:
+        parsed = _fetch_feed(feed_obj.rss_url)
     channel = parsed.feed
 
     feed_obj.title = channel.get('title', feed_obj.title or feed_obj.rss_url)[:300]
@@ -123,13 +246,16 @@ def _refresh_feed(feed_obj):
             new_episodes_list.append(episode_obj)
 
     if feed_obj.auto_queue and new_episodes_list:
-        count = len(new_episodes_list)
-        PodcastQueue.objects.filter(user=feed_obj.user).update(position=F('position') + count)
-        for idx, ep_obj in enumerate(new_episodes_list):
-            PodcastQueue.objects.get_or_create(
-                user=feed_obj.user, episode=ep_obj,
-                defaults={'position': idx},
-            )
+        where = PodcastSettings.for_user(feed_obj.user).auto_queue_position
+        # Newest first in front of what's there; oldest first when appended,
+        # so the end of the queue plays in the order the episodes came out.
+        newest_first = sorted(
+            new_episodes_list,
+            key=lambda e: e.pub_date or e.discovered_at,
+            reverse=True,
+        )
+        ordered = newest_first if where != PodcastSettings.BACK else newest_first[::-1]
+        _enqueue(feed_obj.user, [e.id for e in ordered], where)
 
     return new_count
 
@@ -174,8 +300,12 @@ def feed_list(request):
     if not request.user.is_authenticated:
         return JsonResponse({'error': 'authentication required'}, status=401)
 
+    return JsonResponse({'feeds': _feeds_data(request.user)})
+
+
+def _feeds_data(user):
     feeds = list(
-        request.user.podcast_feeds
+        user.podcast_feeds
         .annotate(latest_episode_at=Max('episodes__pub_date'))
         .values('id', 'title', 'artwork_url', 'rss_url', 'last_refreshed_at', 'author', 'added_at', 'auto_queue', 'latest_episode_at')
     )
@@ -187,8 +317,7 @@ def feed_list(request):
             f['added_at'] = f['added_at'].isoformat()
         if f['latest_episode_at']:
             f['latest_episode_at'] = f['latest_episode_at'].isoformat()
-
-    return JsonResponse({'feeds': feeds})
+    return feeds
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -404,6 +533,48 @@ def refresh_feed_now(request):
     return JsonResponse({'ok': True, 'new_episodes': new_episodes})
 
 
+@csrf_exempt
+@require_http_methods(['POST'])
+def refresh_all_feeds(request):
+    """Refresh all of the user's feeds on the server in one go. Feeds the
+    hourly job (or an earlier call) refreshed within `max_age` seconds are
+    skipped. Clients then fetch the result once (state/, inbox/ …)."""
+    if not request.user.is_authenticated:
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'authentication required'}, status=401)
+    try:
+        body = json.loads(request.body or b'{}')
+    except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError):
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'invalid JSON'}, status=400)
+    try:
+        max_age = max(int(body.get('max_age', 300)), 0)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'max_age must be a number'}, status=400)
+    cutoff = timezone.now() - timedelta(seconds=max_age)
+    feeds = request.user.podcast_feeds.filter(Q(last_refreshed_at__isnull=True) | Q(last_refreshed_at__lt=cutoff))
+    refreshed, failed, new = _refresh_feeds(feeds)
+    return JsonResponse({'ok': True, 'refreshed': refreshed, 'failed': failed, 'new_episodes': new})
+
+
+@csrf_exempt
+def podcast_state(request):
+    """Everything a client shows first, in one response: feeds, queue, the
+    first page of the inbox and the settings."""
+    if not request.user.is_authenticated:
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'authentication required'}, status=401)
+    try:
+        limit = min(max(int(request.GET.get('inbox_limit', 100)), 0), 1000)
+    except ValueError:
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'inbox_limit must be a number'}, status=400)
+    s = PodcastSettings.for_user(request.user)
+    return JsonResponse({
+        'feeds': _feeds_data(request.user),
+        'queue': _queue_data(request.user),
+        'inbox': _inbox_data(request.user, 0, limit),
+        'settings': {'enqueue_position': s.enqueue_position, 'auto_queue_position': s.auto_queue_position},
+        'server_time': timezone.now().isoformat(),
+    })
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Queue
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -413,15 +584,21 @@ def queue_get(request):
     if not request.user.is_authenticated:
         return JsonResponse({'error': 'authentication required'}, status=401)
 
+    return JsonResponse({'queue': _queue_data(request.user)})
+
+
+def _queue_data(user):
     items = list(
         PodcastQueue.objects
-        .filter(user=request.user)
+        .filter(user=user)
+        .order_by('position', 'added_at', 'id')
         .select_related('episode__feed')
         .values(
             'id', 'position',
             'episode__id', 'episode__title', 'episode__audio_url',
             'episode__duration_seconds', 'episode__artwork_url',
-            'episode__feed__id', 'episode__feed__title',
+            'episode__feed__id', 'episode__feed__title', 'episode__feed__artwork_url',
+            'episode__pub_date',
         )
     )
 
@@ -429,13 +606,14 @@ def queue_get(request):
     progress_map = {
         p['episode_id']: p['position_seconds']
         for p in EpisodeProgress.objects.filter(
-            user=request.user, episode_id__in=ep_ids,
+            user=user, episode_id__in=ep_ids,
         ).values('episode_id', 'position_seconds')
     }
     for item in items:
         item['position_seconds'] = progress_map.get(item['episode__id'], 0)
-
-    return JsonResponse({'queue': items})
+        if item['episode__pub_date']:
+            item['episode__pub_date'] = item['episode__pub_date'].isoformat()
+    return items
 
 
 @csrf_exempt
@@ -449,19 +627,29 @@ def queue_add(request):
     except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError):
         return JsonResponse({'error': 'invalid JSON'}, status=400)
 
-    episode_id = body.get('episode_id')
-    try:
-        episode = PodcastEpisode.objects.get(pk=episode_id, feed__user=request.user)
-    except PodcastEpisode.DoesNotExist:
-        return JsonResponse({'error': 'not found'}, status=404)
+    # One episode (episode_id) or several in order (episode_ids). Where they
+    # go: `where` if given, else the user's setting. `current_episode_id` is
+    # what the client is playing, for after_current.
+    ids = body.get('episode_ids')
+    if ids is None:
+        ids = [body.get('episode_id')]
+    if not isinstance(ids, list):
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'episode_ids must be a list'}, status=400)
+    where = body.get('where') or PodcastSettings.for_user(request.user).enqueue_position
+    if where not in QUEUE_POSITIONS:
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'unknown position'}, status=400)
 
-    max_pos = PodcastQueue.objects.filter(user=request.user).count()
-    _, created = PodcastQueue.objects.get_or_create(
-        user=request.user,
-        episode=episode,
-        defaults={'position': max_pos},
+    found = set(
+        PodcastEpisode.objects.filter(pk__in=[i for i in ids if isinstance(i, int)], feed__user=request.user)
+        .values_list('id', flat=True)
     )
-    return JsonResponse({'ok': True, 'created': created})
+    if not found:
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'not found'}, status=404)
+    added = _enqueue(
+        request.user, [i for i in ids if i in found], where,
+        current_hint=body.get('current_episode_id'),
+    )
+    return JsonResponse({'ok': True, 'created': bool(added), 'added': added})
 
 
 @csrf_exempt
@@ -498,6 +686,35 @@ def queue_reorder(request):
     return JsonResponse({'ok': True})
 
 
+@csrf_exempt
+def podcast_settings(request):
+    """GET the user's podcast settings; POST changes some of them."""
+    if not request.user.is_authenticated:
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'authentication required'}, status=401)
+    s = PodcastSettings.for_user(request.user)
+    if request.method == 'POST':
+        try:
+            body = json.loads(request.body)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError):
+            return JsonResponse({'error': 'invalid JSON'}, status=400)
+        fields = []
+        for name in ('enqueue_position', 'auto_queue_position'):
+            if name in body:
+                if body[name] not in QUEUE_POSITIONS:
+                    return JsonResponse({'error': f'unknown {name}'}, status=400)
+                setattr(s, name, body[name])
+                fields.append(name)
+        if fields:
+            s.save(update_fields=fields)
+    elif request.method != 'GET':
+        return JsonResponse({'error': 'method not allowed'}, status=405)
+    return JsonResponse({
+        'enqueue_position': s.enqueue_position,
+        'auto_queue_position': s.auto_queue_position,
+        'positions': [{'value': k, 'label': v} for k, v in PodcastSettings.POSITIONS],
+    })
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Progress
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -612,19 +829,22 @@ def inbox(request):
     if not request.user.is_authenticated:
         return JsonResponse({'error': 'authentication required'}, status=401)
 
+    limit = min(int(request.GET.get('limit', getattr(settings, 'PODCAST_INBOX_PAGE_SIZE', 200))), 1000)
+    offset = max(int(request.GET.get('offset', 0)), 0)
+    return JsonResponse({'episodes': _inbox_data(request.user, offset, limit), 'offset': offset, 'limit': limit})
+
+
+def _inbox_data(user, offset, limit):
     hidden_ids = set(
         EpisodeProgress.objects.filter(
-            user=request.user,
+            user=user,
         ).filter(
             Q(played=True) | Q(dismissed=True)
         ).values_list('episode_id', flat=True)
     )
 
-    limit = min(int(request.GET.get('limit', getattr(settings, 'PODCAST_INBOX_PAGE_SIZE', 200))), 1000)
-    offset = max(int(request.GET.get('offset', 0)), 0)
-
     episodes = list(
-        PodcastEpisode.objects.filter(feed__user=request.user)
+        PodcastEpisode.objects.filter(feed__user=user)
         .exclude(id__in=hidden_ids)
         .select_related('feed')
         .order_by('-pub_date')
@@ -638,13 +858,13 @@ def inbox(request):
     progress_map = {
         ep['episode_id']: ep
         for ep in EpisodeProgress.objects.filter(
-            user=request.user,
+            user=user,
             episode_id__in=[e['id'] for e in episodes],
         ).values('episode_id', 'position_seconds')
     }
     queued_ids = set(
         PodcastQueue.objects.filter(
-            user=request.user,
+            user=user,
             episode_id__in=[e['id'] for e in episodes],
         ).values_list('episode_id', flat=True)
     )
@@ -654,5 +874,4 @@ def inbox(request):
         prog = progress_map.get(ep['id'], {})
         ep['position_seconds'] = prog.get('position_seconds', 0)
         ep['in_queue'] = ep['id'] in queued_ids
-
-    return JsonResponse({'episodes': episodes, 'offset': offset, 'limit': limit})
+    return episodes

static/js/app.js

@@ -2181,44 +2181,33 @@ async function refreshOpenFeed(btn) {
 }
 
 async function refreshAllFeedsBtn(btn) {
-  if (btn) { btn.disabled = true; btn.textContent = '↻ 0/' + podcastFeeds.length; }
-  let done = 0;
-  for (const feed of podcastFeeds) {
-    try {
-      await fetch('/podcasts/feeds/refresh/', {
-        method: 'POST',
-        headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'X-CSRFToken': getCsrfToken()},
-        body: JSON.stringify({feed_id: feed.id}),
-      });
-    } catch (e) {}
-    done++;
-    if (btn) btn.textContent = `↻ ${done}/${podcastFeeds.length}`;
-  }
-  await loadFeedList();
-  if (podcastCurrentView === 'feeds') renderFeedList();
-  if (podcastCurrentView === 'inbox') loadAndRenderInbox();
-  if (podcastCurrentView === 'episodes' && podcastCurrentFeedId) openFeed(podcastCurrentFeedId);
+  // One request: the server fetches every feed itself (in parallel, each
+  // feed address once) and the lists are then loaded once.
+  if (btn) { btn.disabled = true; btn.textContent = '↻ …'; }
+  try {
+    await fetch('/podcasts/feeds/refresh-all/', {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'X-CSRFToken': getCsrfToken()},
+      body: JSON.stringify({max_age: 60}),
+    });
+  } catch (e) {}
+  await reloadPodcastViews();
   if (btn) { btn.disabled = false; btn.textContent = '↻ All'; }
 }
 
-async function refreshAllFeeds() {
-  if (!IS_AUTHENTICATED || !podcastFeeds.length) return;
-  for (const feed of podcastFeeds) {
-    try {
-      await fetch('/podcasts/feeds/refresh/', {
-        method: 'POST',
-        headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json', 'X-CSRFToken': getCsrfToken()},
-        body: JSON.stringify({feed_id: feed.id}),
-      });
-    } catch (e) {}
-  }
-  // Reload feed metadata and refresh the currently open view
+async function reloadPodcastViews() {
   await loadFeedList();
   if (podcastCurrentView === 'feeds') renderFeedList();
   if (podcastCurrentView === 'inbox') loadAndRenderInbox();
   if (podcastCurrentView === 'episodes' && podcastCurrentFeedId) openFeed(podcastCurrentFeedId);
 }
 
+async function refreshAllFeeds() {
+  // The server refreshes all feeds every hour; just pick up what it found.
+  if (!IS_AUTHENTICATED || !podcastFeeds.length) return;
+  await reloadPodcastViews();
+}
+
 async function removeFeed(feedId) {
   if (!await customConfirm('Remove this podcast?', { danger: true })) return;
   try {

static/js/sw.js

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * diora service worker — caches the app shell for offline use.
  */
 
-const CACHE = 'diora-v50';
+const CACHE = 'diora-v51';
 const PODCAST_CACHE = 'diora-podcast-v1';
 const SHELL = [
   '/static/css/app.css',